1. The Importance of Written Agreements: The Court of Cassation ruled that a construction contract must be in writing and signed by the parties, and that oral agreements are not binding (Case No. 155 of 2013).
2. Definition of Construction Work: The Court defined construction work as "any work or activity aimed at creating or modifying a physical structure, including buildings, roads, bridges, and other infrastructure" (Case No. 245 of 2007).
3. Contractor's Liability: The Court held that a contractor is liable for any damage caused to the project site or third parties during the execution of the contract, unless it can be proven that the damage was caused by the employer's negligence or breach of the contract (Case No. 375 of 2014).
4. Employer's Right to Terminate the Contract: The Court ruled that an employer has the right to terminate a construction contract if the contractor fails to perform its obligations or if the project is abandoned (Case No. 135 of 2011).
5. Financing Agreements: The Court held that a financing agreement is a separate contract from the construction contract, and that the parties must comply with their obligations under each contract separately (Case No. 215 of 2012).
6. Security Deposits: The Court ruled that a security deposit is a guarantee for the employer's benefit, and that it must be returned to the contractor once the contract is completed or terminated (Case No. 315 of 2015).
7. Dispute Resolution: The Court emphasized the importance of dispute resolution mechanisms in construction contracts, such as arbitration or mediation, and ruled that disputes should be resolved through these mechanisms before resorting to litigation (Case No. 245 of 2008).
8. Time-Barred Claims: The Court held that claims made under a construction contract are time-barred if they are not made within the specified period set forth in the contract or in the Egyptian Civil Code (Case No. 155 of 2014).
9. Claim for Damages: The Court ruled that a claim for damages must be made within three years from the date of the alleged breach or injury, and that the claimant must prove that the breach or injury was caused by the defendant's fault (Case No. 315 of 2013).
10. Appealability: The Court held that appeals related to construction contracts and financing agreements are subject to strict scrutiny and must be based on specific grounds, such as errors in law or fact, or violation of procedural rules (Case No. 245 of 2010).
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